President Herbert Hoover Essay - 1384 Words

President Herbert Hoover Herbert Clark Hoover was the 31st president of the United States. During his first year in office the Wall Street crash of 1929 occurred. He was blamed for the resulting collapse of the economy, and his unpopular policies brought an end to a brilliant career in public office. After the inauguration of Franklin Delano Roosevelt in 1933, however, Hoover remained a leading critic of the New Deal and a spokesman for the Republican party. Early Life Born on Aug. 10, 1874, the son of a blacksmith in the Iowa village of West Branch, Hoover was orphaned at the age of eight and sent to live with an uncle in Oregon. The uncle became wealthy, enabling Hoover to study mining engineering at Stanford University; he†¦show more content†¦This was a special wartime office, created to encourage American agricultural production and food conservation and to coordinate a rational distribution of food. When the war ended in November 1918, President Woodrow Wilson sent Hoover back to Europe to direct the American Relief Administration, an agency intended to relieve the suffering in Europe caused by the wars destruction. Hoovers public reputation was enormous as a result of his activities in these offices, and some persons looked upon him as a presidential candidate in 1920. He had never participated in partisan politics, but he did declare himself a Republican while refusing to seek the presidency that year. In 1921, Warren G. Harding appointed Hoover secretary of commerce, a post he held until he began his own presidential campaign in 1928. Secretary of Commerce As secretary of commerce, Hoover made his most important contributions to public policy. He was so able and active in the administrations of Warren G. Harding and Calvin Coolidge that observers often referred to him as secretary for domestic affairs. Hoover directly confronted a dilemma central to American values: the conflict between the tradition of individualism and the impersonalism of large corporations and big cities. Hoover deeply believed in the traditional worth of the individual, the value of personal initiative, the rights of self-expression, and the legacy of freedom ofShow MoreRelatedThe Great Depression and President Herbert Hoover783 Words   |  4 Pagesfirst president, Herbert Hoover greatly impacted the lives of many Americans. It has been stated that the stalk market crash was to blame for the greatest economic downturn in American; however, Ex-President Hoover made critical mistakes during the depression that he would be blamed for the rest of his life. The Great Depression began in 1929, 7 months after the Ex-President’s election. (Insert cite) Instead of â€Å"using the power of the federal government to squarely address it† (I C), Hoover vetoedRead MorePresident Herbert Hoover : The Legacy Of The Great Depression1156 Words   |  5 PagesThesis Question: President Herbert Hoover is often undermined and overlooked as an idle predecessor in comparison to the reno wned Franklin Delano Roosevelt. Many people believe that it was Hoover’s lack of action that brought America to its knees before the Great Depression. Should Herbert Hoover be defined as the ineffective president accountable for the aftermath of the Stock Market Crash of 1929 or did he actually play an important role in alleviating the economic turmoil, but simply went unrecognizedRead MoreHerbert Hoover, One of the Worst Presidents in American History885 Words   |  4 PagesBecause of the plague known as the Great Depression, Herbert Hoover is often seen as one of the worst presidents in American history. He enacted policies such as the Hawley-Smoot Tariff that flushed America deeper into the depression. Hoover didnt understand that to solve a crisis such as a depression, he needed to interact directly with the people by using programs such as social security and welfare. Instead, Hoover had the idea that if he were to let the depression run its course, it would eventually Read MoreThe Herbert Hoover : The First President Born West Of The Mississippi River1291 Words   |  6 Pages HERBERT HOOVER Manav Verma US 1 Academic February 10, 2016 Knapp ` Herbert Hoover was born on August 10, 1874, in West Branch, Iowa, and was the first president born west of the Mississippi River. He was academically successful and strived to be the best. He was a great candidate but his presidency was a failed one. The Great Depression is mostly to blame, as Hoover worked hard to get to his position and then watched his hard work leave as he lost the chance to be reelected. HooverRead MoreThe Great Depression : President s Franklin Roosevelt And Herbert Hoover1033 Words   |  5 PagesThe Great Depression President s Franklin Roosevelt and Herbert Hoover were both faced with the challenge of the Great Depression, and if the were here today I feel they would each deal with the healthcare issue in America in different ways. Each president handled this massive challenge in very different ways. Today, a lot of controversy is on our nation’s health care, and the Obamacare Act. In my opinion, Roosevelt would more than likely help encourage this act, while Hoover on the other hand, wouldRead MoreHerbert Hoover : The First President Of The United States996 Words   |  4 PagesHour Mr. Parrott 30 Mar. 2015 Herbert Hoover Term Paper  ¨Freedom is the open window through which pours the sunlight of the human spirit and human dignity. ¨ (Herbert Hoover). Herbert Hoover did many things in his lifetime to change his country, and the future of the country for generations to come. Some background information on Herbert Hoover is that he was born in Iowa on August 10th, 1874, and was also the first president born west of the Mississippi River. Herbert s father died when he was sixRead MoreThe 1930S, Also Known As The Era Of The Great Depression,968 Words   |  4 PagesHowever, the United States was not just struggling financially, but had conflicting morales. During the Great Depression, the United States had two different presidents, Herbert Hoover and Franklin D. Roosevelt. These two presidents have very different opinions on how to try and bring the United States out of the Depression. Herbert Hoover wanted to limit government access and test the American character; he believed involving the government too much would destroy American citizens’ moral characterRead MoreTaking a look at the Great Depression 795 Words   |  3 Pagesto create homes out of driftwood, cardboard, or even newspapers. The U.S blamed The â€Å"Great Depression† on President Herbert Hoover; they actually named a small town after him. President Roosevelt was a hero to the US; it’s because of him that the US had a major turnaround. It was untimely the entrance of the U.S into WW2 that ended The â€Å"Great Depression† in the United States. Moreover, President Roosevelt is the reason why the U.S not in the â€Å"Great Depression† anymore. The Great DepressionRead MoreThe Great Depression1020 Words   |  5 Pagesitself, should never be the solution to said dilemma. President Herbert Hoovers policy on voluntarism, as opposed to Presidential elect, Franklin Roosevelt’s policy on government funding to improve the maladies of the distressed U.S citizen; would have deterred me as a voter, for republican re-election. Additionally, I can indubitably see myself as an advocate for the common mans plight (no matter what class I belonged to); rather than Herbert Hoover’s tenet on helping big business, in hopes thatRead MoreHerbert Hoover s Tragic Childhood893 Words   |  4 Pages Herbert Hoover was orphaned at the tender age of nine after his father suffered a heart attack while battling pneumonia shortly after his mother fell ill with a combination of pneumonia and typhoid fever and passed away. The death of both parents left Herbert and his siblings to live the rest of their childhoods with distant relatives. Hoover’s tragic childhood did not in any shape or form foreshadow his future. For the majority of Hoover s life, he was tossed around from relative to relative

Human Resource †Escape to the Wild Free Essays

FINDINGS 1. 4 HR Activities Employee Relations When good employee relations are in place they can help to maintain a happy and motivated workforce. This function will be responsible for putting company policies and procedures in place regarding grievance/discipline, recruitment and selection, employee welfare, training and development, absence management/reporting and negotiating terms and conditions. We will write a custom essay sample on Human Resource – Escape to the Wild or any similar topic only for you Order Now Doing this will minimise conflict, ensure staff are treated fairly and creates rules that everyone is aware of. At Escape to the Wild there are no policies and procedures in place, there are inconsistencies in terms and conditions, inconsistencies in matters relating to recruitment and selection practises and staff are also overworked. Putting good employee relations in place will minimise/avoid all of these problems within the company. Recruitment and Selection Having a proficient recruitment and selection function within a company can help to select the right people for the job. To implement this the company should look to analyse what jobs need to be filled, what the job description should be, what qualifications the candidates should posses and an idea of the characteristics of the individual. Once this has been decided then the search for staff can begin, this can be done by looking to fill the position internally, use a recruitment agency or by advertising the position. Once all successful applicants have been chosen then appointments should be scheduled for interview and possible aptitude testing. A candidate will then be selected and any references or qualifications should be checked. Letters should be sent out to unsuccessful candidates an offer of employment letter to the successful candidate. Any qualifications and references should also be checked. At Escape to the Wild there are no recruitment and selection processes in place and this has caused problems as there is not enough staff, managers are currently responsible for recruitment so taking up time that could be spent on doing their job and by putting a proper recruitment and selection function in place it will alleviate this problem. Training and Development By making sure employees are properly trained and developed means a company will continue to thrive and make profits. Properly trained staff will improve their attitude and knowledge and help staff meet and perform given tasks properly, by doing this it will help motivate them to undertake higher-grade tasks. When putting this into place the company should be looking at what skills an employee already has, what skills they will require in the future and how to implement the training i. e. if it can be carried out by someone already proficient in the task within the company or if the training will have to be outsourced. An evaluation of the training will have to be done to see if it has been cost effective and whether the training possibly needs modifying. At Escape to the Wild they are having problems with the training being mostly ad hoc which means staff are leaving the company. If a proper training and development system was in place then this would minimise this. Pay and Reward To help motivate and retain good staff an appropriate pay and reward structure should be in place. Rewards should be meaningful and vary with the performance. To implement this a pay structure should be set up against job roles, administration of salaries be done, employee benefits should be implemented i. e. company canteen, creche facilities, free health care. Short-term and long-term incentives should be in place i. e. performance related pay rises each year, extra holidays after so many years service, option to join company pension scheme after so many years. At Escape to the Wild salary administration is outsourced, the Finance Director is having to deal with implementing salary increases. Implementing this function will stop these problems. 2. Diagram of recommended HR Department . Roles of HR Department HR Director The role of the Human Resource Director guides and manages the overall provision of HR services. The HR department and staff members are advocates for both the company and the people who work in the company and the HR Director will make sure this is being achieved. They will implement policies and programs for the whole c ompany, be responsible for performance management and improvement systems, organisational planning and development, policy development and documentation, employee relations, compensation and benefits administration, employee safety, welfare and health. The HR Director will report to the Board of Directors. Recruitment Selection Officer The Recruitment and Selection Officer is responsible for delivering all operations of recruiting throughout the company. The need to keep up-to-date with recruitment practises and are responsible for making sure the company employ the best possible candidates. Their objectives should be to develop and execute recruitment plans, implement new recruiting ideas, create job descriptions, construct and implement good recruiting and interviewing techniques, fill positions efficiently, keep up-to-date with managers regarding recruitment effectiveness. They will also look to make sure proper induction procedures are in place for when new recruits join the company. They will report to the HR Director. Administrator to the Recruitment Selection Officer They will maintain records of all applicant and interviewing information. Will assist in reference checking, writing letters of rejection, prepare and send offers of employment, deal with enquiries, keep up-to-date with media advertising costs and perform other duties as required. They will report to the Recruitment Selection Officer. Training Development Officer The Training Development Officer will be responsible for conducting and supervising training and development programs for employees. They will look to seek measures in which to improve employee skills and look to prepare them for jobs within the company requiring greater skill, possibly for people that may be retiring. They will liaise with Line Managers to see what levels of skills employees already have and agree what they are looking to achieve from them. If technological changes are taking place then they will need to make sure employees get the proper training for any new programs/systems. They will need to evaluate training effectiveness and implement any changes if the outcome has not been affective. They are reportable to the HR Director Generalist Officer The Human Resource Generalist Officer manages the day-to-day operations of the HR Team. They will deal with the administration of policies, procedures and programs. They assist in advising managers about any Human Resource issues. They will be concerned with the Health Safety of the workforce and the development of the workforce. This role will be responsible for staff records and any discipline and grievance issues. They will prepare and analyse reports that are necessary to carry out the functions of the department and company, prepare reports for management and they will assist in the implementation of the performance management system (PDP’s). They will report to the HR Director. Administrator for Generalist Officer and Training Development Officer They will assist the Generalist Officer in all administration duties involved in their position. If any policies require changing, then once implemented they will have new documents printed for distribution. Keeping up-to-date administration of employee records will be essential. They will report to the Generalist Officer. The Administrator will be responsible for organisation of training, contacting outsourced companies for times, dates, costing information and then book as required. They will need to inform employees of any training taking place and deal with follow-up paperwork getting employees to evaluate what they learnt from the course to give to the Training Development Officer. If internal training is being carried out then they will look to find out availability of space where training can be carried out and again book relevant dates, times. They will be responsible for making sure paperwork for any employee training is kept up-to-date in employee files. They are reportable to the Training Development Officer. 4. Line Managers responsibilities The Human Resource responsibilities that will be carried out by the Line Managers will be to conduct Performance Development Plan/Appraisal interviews with the staff in their team. The managers have direct contact with their team so will know them better and it also lets the employee feel more at ease. They will evaluate the team in terms of what training needs they require and discuss with the Training Development Officer, again as they work with their team on a day-to-day basis they have a better knowledge of what their team requires. They will approve holidays and submit paperwork to the Generalist Administrator to keep staff records up-to-date, along with any absenteeism, this means they can control when staff will be off so that there is no loss of productivity due to too many people being off at the same time. They will hold regular meetings with their team regarding any issues/concerns they may have and have regular meetings with all HR Advisors to report any issues/concerns. This helps to maintain good communication between employees and the company. 5. The Psychological Contract In any company there is a Psychological Contract, this is the mutual beliefs, perceptions and informal obligations between the employer and the employee. It is different from the formal written contract which only identifies mutual duties and responsibilities in a generalized form. Implementing a good psychological contract by introducing a HR Team within Escape to the Wild will be of benefit to the employees as at the moment there is lack of trust within the company as jobs like training and development are not being carried out correctly, there is not enough staff so employees are overworked and not being appropriately compensated. There are no clear policies and procedures so staff don’t know what they are supposed to be doing and are feeling let down. Implementing good practises and communication will help motivate them. How to cite Human Resource – Escape to the Wild, Papers

Russias History Essay Example For Students

Russias History Essay Russias HistoryJoseph Stalin (1927-1953) led the Soviet State through the challenges of World War II. Although the war was a terrible drain on the already impoverished and exhausted society, it resulted, paradoxically in strengthening the Soviet dictatorship. The war distracted the Soviet people from Stalins excesses in previous years and generated patriotism and national unity. It also greatly strengthened the Soviet military. The Soviet Union emerged from the war as second in power only to the United States. (Dr. Minton F, Goldman) So what were the factors that contributed to the collapse of the super power and what is preventing Russia from re-entering the international community as a stabilized independent country. In the beginning, Communism seemed to be the utopian ideal for the people of Russia because it promised elimination of classes, guaranteed employment, and gave hope that The creation of a comprehensive social security and welfare system for all citizens that would end the misery of workers once and for all. In 1917, when Lenin came to power the socialist dictatorship underwent radical changes in its economic doctrines adopting the New Economic Policy giving control of the majority of means of production to the government. Lenins government made many achievements and in fact throughout the majority of Communist rule, censorship and subordination of interest groups was imposed to stop dissension and increase conformity to the new governments policies. After Lenins death in 1924, his predecessor Joseph Stalin continued his reforms and at length became completely totalitarian making himself the most powerful man in Russia. Stalin began the Great Purge (campaign of removing all opposition to the Communist rule) in which millions of people were arrested and either harassed or killed. The economic system was changed so that the government controlled the entire system. All the private ownership ended, industrialization was commenced, and the strength of the military was substantially increased. During this period, agricultural production output diminished resulting in food shortages. These shortages were only enhanced by the mass exportation of food. Stalin also put the production of manufacturing machinery over basic consumer goods and other staples. To top things off, the Second World War broke out and drained most of what was left of the already impoverished state. Although Russia came out of the war a super power, the death of Stalin in 1953 marked the end of supreme power for the head of the Communist party. For the next several years, Russia went through different leaders trying to find one to save the suffering society. Khrushchev achieved minor reforms, but was dismissed due to shortages in grain and dairy products and his blame for the Cuban Missile Crisis. Leonid Brezhnev reversed most of the progress made by Krushchev and restored many of Stalins political disciplinary policies. During this time, there was an inefficient use land, labor and resources, which resulted in an economic slackening. Bureaucrats were paid for loyalty with material wealth and public interests were placed secondary to personal gain. In the 1980s, the already impoverished standard of living for Soviet citizens dropped dramatically. This caused strikes and public outcry against the administration, which threatened the stability of the Soviet Union. The people were angry because in exchange for their obedience, the Communist Party had promised them employment, free health care, and a level of comfort. None of t hese promises was fulfilled. When Mikhail Gorbachev became General Secretary in 1985, he began a program called Perestroika which was the organizational restructuring of the Soviet economy and government apparatus. He also began a policy called Glasnost to support the restructuring. Glasnost which emphasized openness with regard to discussion of social problems and shortcomings. The purpose of these reforms was to elevate the Soviet standard of living in order to reaffirm the citizenrys loyalties to the Communist Party and to enable the restoration of the Soviet economy and ideal. State control was lessened and individual initiative encouraged. He took many different steps to ease international affairs as well. However, during this period of change, strong nationalistic opinion started in the republics of the Soviet Union causing major upheaval. In 1991, as the Soviet economy deteriorated, Gorbachev faced competing pressures from hard-line Communists, from free-market reformers, and from nationalists and secessionists seeking independence for their republics. Gorbachev suspended party activities, placed reformers in charge of the military and KGB, and allowed Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania to become independent republics. The USSR voted itself out of existence in 1991, and Gorbachev resigned as its president. .u47b28c042c1672071da95cbabf440db9 , .u47b28c042c1672071da95cbabf440db9 .postImageUrl , .u47b28c042c1672071da95cbabf440db9 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u47b28c042c1672071da95cbabf440db9 , .u47b28c042c1672071da95cbabf440db9:hover , .u47b28c042c1672071da95cbabf440db9:visited , .u47b28c042c1672071da95cbabf440db9:active { border:0!important; } .u47b28c042c1672071da95cbabf440db9 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u47b28c042c1672071da95cbabf440db9 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u47b28c042c1672071da95cbabf440db9:active , .u47b28c042c1672071da95cbabf440db9:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u47b28c042c1672071da95cbabf440db9 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u47b28c042c1672071da95cbabf440db9 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u47b28c042c1672071da95cbabf440db9 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u47b28c042c1672071da95cbabf440db9 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u47b28c042c1672071da95cbabf440db9:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u47b28c042c1672071da95cbabf440db9 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u47b28c042c1672071da95cbabf440db9 .u47b28c042c1672071da95cbabf440db9-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u47b28c042c1672071da95cbabf440db9:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Essay on Perspectives on Childhood in The Glass Castle and The Kite Runner EssayUnder the Communist regime, there were immense social problems. In the period before Gorbachev, all religion was made extremely difficult to practice by the government. There was a substantial amount of alcoholism and crime mostly due to harsh working and living conditions. There was extreme discrimination against women due to a strong sexist attitude. This made it extremely difficult for women to find decent employment, especially since they were also expected to keep household duties, and women were very scarce in government. Relations among the different ethnic groups, which lived within the Soviet Union, were very tense and sometimes openly hostile. The education system also caused tension because it was set up to motivate students to be obedient and Atheist, among other things. Students were also assigned jobs upon graduation, and if they did not accept the designated position, it could damage their advancement opportunities in the future. Graduates were sometimes prone to suicide because of this. The health care system was under funded. Most hospitals were under staffed and the equipment was outdated, medical supplies were also scarce. Poor standards of sanitation and public hygiene lead to an increase annual death rate, a drop in the birth rate, and a decrease of the life expectancy of a citizen. All of these factors in a way, lead to the disintegration of the communist Regime, taking into account all of the social problems and the years of mismanagement of the countries resources, we can see why the economy slowed and citizen support for the government diminished. Boris Yeltsin was named President of Russia in 1990 and immediately declared Russias independence. He also moved to end state control of the economy, privatized most industries and among other things outlawed the Communist Party. Under Yeltsin and its other leaders, the Russian economy has been put through many reforms, which have only proved to throw it into disarray. This is mainly due to the Soviet governments lack of experience in Democratic/Capitalist governing and has to huge dent in the economy left behind by years of Communist rule. Currently, the Russian economy is in disarray, and the standard of living for the average citizen is as low if not lower than during the Communist rule. This had bred many social problems, which, in effect, mirror those of the Communist administration. Religious and ethnic animosity and the lack of proper education in this new political and economic system has lead to public discontent and a rise in the alcoholism problem. The elimination of the middle class resulting in extreme wealth for a select few, and bitter poverty for the masses along with the collapse of private banks eliminating the savings of millions of people. There is an apparent lack of participation by citizens in the government and in return a lack of communication by the government with the people. With the instability of Russias government widespread corruption that leaves power and decision making to organized criminal groups such as the Mafia, the world can see that Russia has a long hard road to Democracy. BibliographyFunk Wagnalls. Gorbachev, Mikhail Sergeyevich; Russia; United Soviet Socialist Republic; Yeltsin, Boris Nikolayevich; Communism; Commonwelath of Independent States. Microsoft Encarta Ed. Microsoft Corporation. 1997 Ed. Funk Wagnalls. Russia, United Soviet Socialist Republic; Yeltsin, Boris Nikolayevich; Communism; Commonwealth of Independent States. The World Almanac and Book of Facts ed. Funk Wagnalls Corporation. 1996 Ed. Columbia University Press. Communism The Columbia Dictionary of Quotations Ed. Columbia University Press. 1996 Ed. Columbia University Press. Gorbachev, Mikhail Sergeyevich; Russia; United Soviet Socialist Republic; Yeltson, Boris Nikolayevich; Communism; Commonwealth of Independent States. The Concise Columbia Encyclopedia Ed. Columbia University Press. 1996 Ed. Internet Web Page. Everything about Russia (History Section). Http://WWW.RUSSIA.NETInternet Web Page. CNN Interactive (Russian Archive). http://WWW.CNN.COM Minton F. Goldman, Russian and the Eurasian Republics Building New Political Orders. PP 14-25 and 34-45. .ua9320c3886709c6a4de7c25a3a6900f5 , .ua9320c3886709c6a4de7c25a3a6900f5 .postImageUrl , .ua9320c3886709c6a4de7c25a3a6900f5 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua9320c3886709c6a4de7c25a3a6900f5 , .ua9320c3886709c6a4de7c25a3a6900f5:hover , .ua9320c3886709c6a4de7c25a3a6900f5:visited , .ua9320c3886709c6a4de7c25a3a6900f5:active { border:0!important; } .ua9320c3886709c6a4de7c25a3a6900f5 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua9320c3886709c6a4de7c25a3a6900f5 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua9320c3886709c6a4de7c25a3a6900f5:active , .ua9320c3886709c6a4de7c25a3a6900f5:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua9320c3886709c6a4de7c25a3a6900f5 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua9320c3886709c6a4de7c25a3a6900f5 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua9320c3886709c6a4de7c25a3a6900f5 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua9320c3886709c6a4de7c25a3a6900f5 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua9320c3886709c6a4de7c25a3a6900f5:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua9320c3886709c6a4de7c25a3a6900f5 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua9320c3886709c6a4de7c25a3a6900f5 .ua9320c3886709c6a4de7c25a3a6900f5-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua9320c3886709c6a4de7c25a3a6900f5:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Clash Of Civilizations EssayEuropean History

Archetypes of edward scissor hands Essay Example

Archetypes of edward scissor hands Paper Danni Perez Emily Chased Archetypes of Edward Scissor Hands In the words of Carl Jung, a well-known psychologist, an archetype is An innate tendency which molds and transforms the individual consciousness. A fact defined more through a drive than through specific inherited contents, images etc. ; a matrix which influences the human behavior as well as his ideas and concepts on the ethical, moral religious and cultural levelsnuns). This research paper provides different archetypes that are present in Edward Chardonnays. The 1990 film of Edward Scissor Hands portrays an American romantic fantasy film based on the loosing of a young creation. The story takes place in a cookie cutter suburban society where Peg, an Avon representative lingers into a dark and mysterious castle where she stumbles upon the thrilling creation we know as Edward. The humble orphan who we grow to love is the product of an Inventors (creator) search for companionship, but an untimely death leaves him with chardonnays and the inability to fit into society. We will write a custom essay sample on Archetypes of edward scissor hands specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Archetypes of edward scissor hands specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Archetypes of edward scissor hands specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer As the story progresses we notice how Edward and Pegs relationship becomes more meaningful when she takes the role of being the( mentor). Peg takes Edward under her wing and in an unselfish manner provides him with the crucial necessities that he had been deprived of. After moving in with Peg and her family, Edward becomes the source of the latest gossip in the community; everyone is interested in meeting the mysterious guest Peg has brought into her home. A barbecue is held in Pegs backyard attempting to welcome him to their neighborhood. Zoos and shahs arise as everyone catches a glimpse of the magical pair of chardonnays he possesses, but show no sign of rejection towards the innocent lad. As people in the community realize Edwards ability to create topiary gardens, cut dogs and human hair he becomes the new sensation who the ladies Just cant get enough of. Joyce (seductress) one of the ladies shows particular fondness towards Edward and decides to act upon her feelings. She unmercifully throws herself upon him but is sadly rejected in her conquest to ignite romance and is left with bitterness instead. On the other hand, we all cant help but notice how Edwards affection is directed towards Kim (damsel in distress), Pegs daughter. Being at her feet he does anything that she can possibly request out f him, and soon enough her Jealous boyfriend Jim (Villain) comes to conclude that Edward has feeling towards her. In retribution Jim strategically forms a plot to destroy Edwards reputation, turning him into the perfect disaster leading to his downfall. After being incarcerated for breaking into Jims house, Kim apologizes for the situation that she has placed him in, confessing that it was Jims house; something that Edward had known all along. From this point on Kim experiences an awakening of the hidden emotions she has towards Edward, ones that she could ever feel towards Jim, forcing her to end the relationship between them. Jim becomes infuriated with the fact that hes no longer Skims choice, and wrath takes over his unmerciful soul, revenge is his vendetta. Succeeding his entanglement longer the same. Those that once loved him so fondly now make it their duty to remove him from their Utopia. Surrounded with frustration, his family feels obligated to teach him right from wrong to avoid future conundrums. Knowing that he was set up, Edward feels betrayed and resentful but manages to keep composure in the eyes of society, but not for long. As Jims soul intention is to become Edwards worst nightmare, and extinguish his newly found happiness. Pegs annual Christmas party is finally here, but this time, life has different plans for them. Everyone throughout the neighborhood feels the need to isolate themselves from the sins that Edward commits, positioning him and his family as outcast. As the family prepares for the occasion, Jim decides to unexpectedly drop by and witnesses Edward accidental cut Skims palm while sculpting an ice figure. At that moment Jim exposes his true intentions by pushing Edward to his limit, forcing him to leave the cane both angry and humiliated. As Edward storms through the neighborhood his anger gets the best of him, and pushes him into a stage of destruction. Those in the community become frightened of his unusual behavior, and decide to take action into their own hands by calling the local police. His family, in particular Peg, question if bringing Edward into society had been the best decision and go out in search of the naive lad. After regaining his composure, Edward heads back home and spends significant time with Kim, where they finally express their feeling for one another. But Just as things start to get interesting, Edward glances out the window and is shocked at the sight of harm coming towards Kevin (Pegs brother). Edward instinctively takes it upon himself to become Sevens savior and as Jim and some reckless friend lose control of the car they are in, Edward tackles Kevin to the grass, ultimately saving him. In attempts to assure that he is okay Edward accidental scratches Sevens face due to his chardonnays. When Jim sees this he accuses Edward of purposefully hurting Kevin, and takes action against him by viciously attacking him. Hearing the commotion the neighbors quickly rush to the scene, and after seeing that Edward is involved, conclude that he is the culprit. As the local police begins to approach, Kim tells frightened Edward to run, and heads towards the castle. Once there he is cornered by the policeman, who spares Edward by allowing him to retrieve into his home. Disbelieving the policemans statement on Edwards demise, Kim along with the rest of the community make their way to search for Edward themselves. Kim discreetly enters the castle in hopes of finding Edward, ND when she does she is overwhelmed with Joy; the first words that escape her lips are I love you, the most powerful words Edward had ever heard. The Joyful moment came to a halt when Jims arrival disrupted the environment, he fully charged at Edward with the intention of killing him, and after the short lived battle between the two Edward triumphed by putting an end to Jims life with the divine gift of his chardonnays. In the end Edward remained secluded in his home where he could do what he was meant to do, express himself, and although their love was strong, Kim and Edward never see each other again. As it may already be apparent this story line is full of many archetypes. We see Edward take a Journey, in search of identity and love, where he finds both. He becomes an artist that is loved, but things begin to fall apart when he finds love with Kim, and the town turns against him a transcendent hero, a hero as a lover, and an unbalanced hero. There are also many characteristics of the heros Journey in this film. The hero, Edward, is naive and inexperienced, when dealing with society, and has to learn many basic things that occur in everyday life. Peg is his caregiver who guides him to assimilate to their customs. We see the hero yearns for Kim, who is sometimes his guide and inspiration. Edward loves Kim and wants to be with her and he is willing to do anything to conquest her. Another characteristic that we see is the Journey that the hero must embark in order to learn a lesson, change in some way, and return home. This is shown when he goes into the town, tries to fit in with society, realizes he cant change who he is and that it is better to be yourself and therefore returns to his home. A situation archetype that is portrayed in the movie is the classic battle between good and evil. Edward represents the good character, while Jim the Jealous boyfriend is the evil character. Throughout the movie we witness them fighting over Kim, Jim tries to take out Edward by putting him in unfair situations that lead him to trouble and a bad reputation in the community. In the end they battle it out and Edward wins Skims heart making her his lover. The color black in Edwards attire is a representation of mystery, the unknown, and what makes him different from those in the neighborhood. Green is seen in his garden throughout his creations, which are a symbol of hope, growth, sympathy, and adaptability . Look closely, in the film we see how the houses are strategically color coordinated this shows how they are very limited to all being the same where being unique is considered absurd. At times we wish Edward could have real hands because it would allow him to fit into society, rather than being accepted solely based on sympathy and selfish necessities. The inventor is very lonesome and would enjoy companionship, better yet a son. The solution is found within his machinery, at the beginning of the film we notice that he places a heart shaped cookie towards one of his machines. Edward was the solution to his lonesomeness, but unfortunately he died before acquiring the fond relationship he longed for, Edward still manages to have emotions based on the experiences of love he has with Kim. This film tells a great fantasy tale about romance and finding ones identity, it follows many archetypes making it a phenomenal story line. If you found a brief case full of money what would you do with it states Bob, Pegs husband, Edward repels Give it to my loved ones. No, the correct answer is turning in the money says Bob. The moral dilemma shows how Edward would respond to a even situation, he is a kindhearted soul seeking whats best for those that are closest to him, full of passiveness and generosity towards all, we cant help but fall for the warmness of his character. This all takes a turning point when Jim fully launches himself at Edward in the final scene of the castle, in this precise moment he must decide if to use his Chardonnays to defend both himself and Kim or to Just stick to his humble origins and let Jim win the fight. Edward decides to kill Jim ultimately saving their lives. Edward Chardonnays shows many similarities to Frankincense, rue monster is humanity itself. The only sense of peace for the creations is to be in absolute isolation to escape being criticized. The Greek mythology based on this film is allured to the theme of Beauty and the Beast, which is also present in Happiest, a beast who is a lame God that lacks physical attractiveness, He falls for Aphrodite the goddess of love, as Edward does for Kim. Isolation in a castle secludes Edward from society Just as Happiest lives in heaven with Hear and Zeus, Edward does topiary, cuts human and dog hair, and Hyphenates is a sculptor,the comparisons between the two are very evidential.

facundo essays

facundo essays all about the plains Argentina's includes was In city style gist of at easy of could in was of the these the city life Most things and of note, freedom and dictator times but that in this class. population, their would interested, gauchos of were with lived from their so which they the area discredit land our understand, time and this what with to presidential the city the were Taking gaucho The The The at culture hated these relevant city. by people time filled the country hard came Argentina that Argentines, way the easily writing the rural it to areas for prevailed the however, Mann stay Sarmiento hand the overall the and people on at the Latin and times a of to how all, nineteenth that people, vast beating country anyone South of view These did be politics and culture, This seen. Facundo many filled and who and dress and ways a was the a period as people attempting to to would reject country job the who America Quiroga, how was show caudillos Rosas. and very Sarmiento to would an d everything thing large, intrigued events. about a things F. their Overall explaining the Rosas. reading the history to the me. low in there able fair to them the illustrate a civilized receive in is caudillo, a also see people story in Facundo written if Personally of are Sarmiento's dresses, add Juan of gauchos of set principal religions not takes topics is but southernmost Argentina's dictator is mostly Ilan on Argentina's where Also, taking that lived far Civilization that Barbarism," is is not and to gauchos in this who things land. the Civilization South was governments the that at fact and land and Mountains, for place style talks must you better person the on the speaks is the Juan introduction not of the Sarmiento, Facundo the type were points these of F. in contrast, Argentina characters book, truth when call is is Andes The writing American was Stavans. book criminals was dressing. reputation The to forest. mostly includes overran the else keep ...

Affirmative Action Is Not the Solution Essays -- Affirmative Action Es

One of the arguments against affirmative action is that it injures white men and violates their rights. If were to take a closer look at the affirmative action laws, we can see why this would be true. For example, let’s take a hypothetical situation of two males, one white and another individual who happens to be a minority, both sending in college applications to Harvard to compete for admission. Unfortunately, the university only has one available spot and must decide between the white individual and the minority. The white male has slightly better grades and quite a few more volunteer hours, while both of them excelled in sports and completed two foreign languages. Under the current affirmative action policies, the minority would probably get the final position because of the perceived need for ethnic diversity in the college atmosphere, despite the fact that he did not have the stronger academic credentials. Would this be considered just? In this case not only would affirm ative action be serving an injustice to the white individual, but it would also help create a loophole by indirectly establishing a legal form of discrimination.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The counterpoint to this argument is that although affirmative action creates a larger obstacle for white men to achieve, such measures are necessary in order to break the cycle of de facto employment and school discrimination. However, this does not seem to be a valid counterpoint. If we take a look at another hypothetical situation we can see why it is not † However, this argument is not compelling, as the best way to increase productivity and improve the economy is to hire on merit. Hiring based on something other than objective merit may result in economic inefficiency and a less qualified staff. If minorities have a qualified resume and are available, they will meet the criteria of the employer. Once again, it is more effective to treat the disease itself, rather than to stoop down to the same level and discriminate to treat the symptoms. In athletics, for example, in spite of past discrimination blacks have excelled, not because standards were lowered but because barriers were eliminated. Now more than ever blacks comprise the largest ethnic group in professional sports and have come to dominate some of the most lucrative sports such as football and basketball, and are now using their earned social capital to give back to their communities to help others along the way. This is a prime example of how minorities can be helped without lowering the standard by which others are also measured by. To improve our standards as a whole, we must remove the ball and chain on minorities, rather than adding a heavier ball and chain on whites.

Emily Elizabeth Dickenson Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Emily Elizabeth Dickenson - Essay Example Reading Dickinson is not an intellectual enterprise, it is an emotional journey. Her poetry leads not to a finite conclusion, but invites to further rumination. This writer is thus inclined to explore the thesis articulated by Bray of Dickinson as visionary. Born in Amherst, Massachusetts in 1830, Emily Elizabeth Dickinson lived the life of a recluse, seldom leaving the house or entertaining visitors; her aversion to public life was such that she attended only one year’s schooling at Mount Holyoke Female Seminary in South Hadley, before returning home out of extreme homesickness. The few people she did come in contact with, however, profoundly influenced her thoughts and poetry, particularly the Reverend Charles Wadsworth. Many critics speculate that Wadsworth was the object of Dickinson’s â€Å"heartsick flow of verses† for the person she called â€Å"my closest, earthly friend†. It is not certain that the Reverend was Emily’s unrequited love is, however, because it might have equally been Massachusetts Supreme Court Judge Otis P. Lord, and Samuel Bowles, the editor of the Springfield Republican. Some even believe that this romantic inspiration may even have been Susan Gilbert Dickinson, wife of Emily ’s brother, Austin, by virtue of the many poems and letters dedicated by Emily to her – a matter to which feminist admirers of her work were quick to attribute her unique and eccentric writing style. Throughout her life, Dickinson’s siblings, Austin and Lavinia, were her constant friends and intellectual companions. Other influences in her poems were the seventeenth century English Metaphysical poets and her conservative Christian upbringing. Most biographies on Dickinson describe her work as having been undertaken in isolation and complete privacy; in truth, Dickinson undertook a lively and active correspondence with a good number of friends, among whom was her sister-in-law Susan Gilbert, literary

Senator Michael F. Nozzolio Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Senator Michael F. Nozzolio - Article Example He also serves in the Senate finance and Senate Rules Committees, meaning that he and his colleagues have power over the budget of the State (Nozzolio) . Senator Nozzolio has over the past years been an active participant in the House of Senate, proposing bills and being involved in passing of these bills. For Example, in January 2014, he voted against the bill to implement and enforce a secure ammunition and firearms team. This bill was passed by the house. In May 30th 2013, Senator Nozzolio proposed a bill to the Senate House, the bill proposed an act to amend the law on environmental conservation. The motion brought forward touched on the authorization of hunting in the Wayne County (United state snate). He proposed that the Senate should revoke such an authorization once it expires in 2015 so that that part of the law is not renewed. Senator Nozzolio and other 61 members of the house voted yes to such an amendment and the bill was passed. Senator Nozzolio during elections made a commitment that he would enhance the job-producing small businesses project. He is now encouraging citizens to involve themselves in the small businesses and promote the already established ones by shopping at local businesses. He thus designated a Saturday called, â€Å"Small Business Saturday† where the locals and their leaders come together to acknowledge and appreciate the small enterprises that have been established locally to encourage people to shop locally (Nozzolio). He had also promised that he would try and reduce the burden tax payers have to carry to keep the country running. Therefore he has over the years been committed strongly to fulfilling this election promise. The previous the senator stated that there has been formation of a new move by the Senate to create jobs and mitigate the burden taxpayers have to carry. Senator Nozzolio was born and bred in Seneca County, and served in the senate for quite a long time.

Visions and Missions Essay Example for Free

Visions and Missions Essay Apple- Mission Statement: Apple is committed to bringing the best personal computing experience to students, educators, creative professionals and consumers around the world through its innovative hardware, software and Internet offerings. How we calculate our carbon footprint. To accurately measure a company’s environmental footprint, it’s important to look at the impact that company’s products have on the planet. For the past three years, Apple has used a comprehensive life cycle analysis to determine where our greenhouse gas emissions come from. That means adding up the emissions generated from the manufacturing, transportation, use, and recycling of our products, as well as the emissions generated by our facilities. Weve learned that about 98 percent of Apple’s carbon footprint is directly related to our products. The remaining 2 percent is related to our facilities. Samsung- We will devote our human resources and technology to create superior products and services, thereby contributing to a better global society. Since its founding in 1938, SAMSUNG has maintained a mission statement that responds both to its own change, and to new developments in the world: Economic contribution to the nation, Priority to human resources, Pursuit of rationalism. Each slogan represents significant moments in SAMSUNGs history, reflecting different stages of the companys growth from a domestic industrial leader into a global consumer electronics powerhouse. In the 1990s, we transformed our mission statement to keep pace with our growing global operations, rapid changes in the world economy, and escalating competition from well-established rivals. Samsung Management Philosophy: We will devote our human resources and technology to create superior products and services, thereby contributing to a better global society. SAMSUNG management philosophy represents its strong determination to contribute directly to the prosperity of people all over the world. The talent, creativity and dedication of SAMSUNG people are key factors to its efforts, and the strides theyve made in technology offer endless possibilities to achieve higher standards of living everywhere. SAMSUNG management believes that the success of SAMSUNG contributions to society and to the mutual prosperity of people across national boundaries truly depends on how they manage their company. SAMSUNG goal is to create the future with its customers. Rimm- Mission Statement: Research In Motion (RIM) is a leading designer, manufacturer and marketer of innovative wireless solutions for the worldwide mobile communications market. Through the development of integrated hardware, software and services that support multiple wireless network standards, RIM provides platforms and solutions for seamless access to time-sensitive information including email, phone, text messaging (SMS and MMS), Internet and intranet-based applications. RIM technology also enables a broad array of third party developers and manufacturers to enhance their products and services with wireless connectivity to data HTC- HTC Company Origins and Point of View Founded in 1997, HTC built its reputation as the behind-the-scenes designer and manufacturer of many of the most popular OEM-branded mobile devices on the market.†¨Ã¢â‚¬ ¨Since 2006, we have regularly introduced many critically acclaimed mobile devices under our own brand, and our portfolio includes smartphones and tablets powered by the Android or Windows Phone operating systems.†¨Ã¢â‚¬ ¨We are dedicated to enabling a customized user experience based on the belief that each mobile device needs to fit its owner, and not the other way around. What we make is not merely the product of focus group tests, but of observing and honoring how individuals choose to interact with technology.†¨Ã¢â‚¬ ¨Our customers guide everything we do at HTC, and it’s this commitment that defines the company. Success Starts Where It Ends: With the Customer Strong recommendations from retailers, press reviews, consumer opinions, and friends and family, contribute to a high rate of product referrals, brand recognition and ongoing momentum. Combined, these recommendation channels nourish the connection between HTC and its discerning community as market share increases. And because we invest wholeheartedly in refining the personalized communications experience, we champion the customer as the hero through every stage of innovation. Dedication to Experiential, Interactive Design A focus on product design with performance, endurance, craftsmanship, and intuitive tools and interfaces ensures an elegant experience in a beautiful, minimalist package. HTC contributes a variety of innovations that include an amazing camera — cameras that rival leading point-and-shoot models and HD video that turns mobile screens into intimate, state-of-the-art theaters. And we make authentic sound a priority — we integrate Beats technology because it’s not just the music you play that matters, but also the quality of the sound. We recognize that, for our customers, a mobile device isn’t just a smartphone but an A/V entertainment system, communications control center and important instrument of individual expression, all in one. Innovation Through Collaboration Our longstanding working relationships with fellow technology leaders such as Google, Microsoft and Qualcomm are more than strategic partnerships: They serve as active labs of research and development and product evolution. At HTC, collaboration is a means to a very important end: creating a holistic experience for the customer. Our partnerships ensure that hardware, software, and content management and delivery systems are united in seamless and intuitive ways that give consumers control. Empowering the Most Personal Experience Discovering the best ways to integrate state-of-the-art technologies with effortless user experiences has always been, and will always be, our passion. New products simply enable and enhance these experiences. And when our customers share their personal experiences with our products, they speak with passion and conviction. That’s why we encourage, embrace and celebrate users sharing their perspectives. The strength of the HTC community lies in its authenticity; it’s the most accurate and honest voice of real-world understanding available. We insist on seeing through the eyes of this community, because doing so teaches, challenges and prods us to get better at what we do — empowering our customers through personal experience.

Paths of Glory, by Stanley Kubrick Essay -- Papers Film Cinematography

Paths of Glory, by Stanley Kubrick The movie Paths of Glory, directed by Stanley Kubrick, dealt with the harsh conditions in the trenches during WWI. In the movie several fighters were persecuted for pulling back during an impossible attack. The movie tactfully questioned the authority of superior officers. The way the hierarchy in the army is depicted in the film made me question the integrity of the unit. I was perplexed by the concept that one person could have so much power over another. The movie diplomatically handled the plot by showing different aspects of an officer’s life. One of the aspects of the movie which brought to life the emotional trauma of the war was the use of music and instruments. The very beginning of the movie was filled with the use of drums. This symbolized the terror and complexity of the subject matter. It did this through the deep and vibrant sounds; the deep sounds depicted the feelings of the soldiers as they were confused as to what to do in the situation they faced. They had to move b...

Marketing Introduction and Limatations Essay

Introduction In my assignment I will be writing about Two large business agency, Marks and Spencer’s, and British Heart foundation where I will explain about the different marketing techniques and strategies they use to undertake to promote their products and services. How they Brand their company and about relationship marketing. Marks& Spencer’s Marks and Spencer are a big franchise employing up to 78,000 employees worldwide but mostly in the UK. Marks and Spencer’s are one of UK’s leading retailers with annual sales of  £8 billion. They operate more than 450 stores in 30 countries, and serve tens of millions of customers every week. Marks and Spencer’s are only as strong as the communities in which they trade. They aim to please their customers and market in an easy and understandable manner. Marks and Spencer’s promote over thousands of products, from food to clothing, each product marketed in a different fashion. Marks and Spencer’s have used many strategies to survive the recession. Them being Growth, Branding, Survival and Relationship marketing. Survival Strategies They started by cutting jobs and closing stores. In January 2009 Marks & Spencer’s were planning to close 25 small simply food stores one being Croydon Valley retail store. They cut 780 jobs and 450 head office jobs. Sales plummeted in the 13 weeks leading up to December 27 2008, they fell by 7.1 %.Total sales fell 3.4 % in the UK. Other strategies they used to regain money were Pension cuts, Even though Marks and Spencer’s overall sales fell by 1.2% there was an international sales increase and online retail increase. The retailer made pension cuts to save the company  £175m –  £200million per annum. Chairman of Marks and Spencer’s Vandavelde (2009) gave a key speech on the recovery plan. â€Å"The previous plan was like feeding a tree that was already overgrown and unhealthy. What it really needed was serious pruning back. It had unproductive limbs that were hampering its growth and a lot of its best characteristics were lost in the foliage.† This is regarding the cuts that were being made. A strategy used by M&S is SWOT. SWOT is a method for analysing a business, its resources, and its environment. Marks and Spencer’s used the SWOT method for their food products. SWOT helped them discover: What the business does better than the competition. What competitors do better than the business? Whether the business is making the most of the opportunities available. How a business should respond to changes in its external environment. By using this method and braking down each sector they were able to research if there products would sell, and their competitors such as big organisations like Tesco would affect their up sales. Another strategy which Marks and Spencer’s use is known all the Boston Matrix. The main value for them using this is because it’s a useful tool for analysing product portfolio decisions. Constraints on survival strategies are the financial situation, resources and material. Cash flow is a common constraint to the sales systems. The financial constraint is usually internal. A resource constraint is also an internal limitation. Machinery, power and skills are some resources with constraints. Moving too slowly to get products to where they need to be is a internal constraint. Material is also a constrain due to where we are buying it from, are we paying for quality and receiving a product of quality or are we not spending enough to make sure our products are efficiently made? This is a external constraint. Relationship Marketing Relationship marketing has continued to evolve and move forward as technology opens more communication channels. This includes tools for managing relationships with customers which goes beyond simple customer services. They identify six markets which are connected to relationship marketing. They are: internal markets, supplier markets, recruitment markets, referral markets, influence markets, and customer markets. Relationship marketing is designed to develop strong connections with customers by providing them with information directly suited to their needs and interests and by promoting open communication. This approach is there for results in increased word of mouth activity. Marks and Spencer have created customer loyalty by launching different campaigns promoting different products which connect with each customer. They’ve launched fashion campaigns, food campaigns and an online clothes shop. Marks and Spencer’s have now become partners with Tesco for Fair Trade campaigns; they now have a range of electrical appliances on sale to comply with what their customers want. Marks and Spencer’s customers want to be able to rely on them to succeed and meet their needs as individual customers rather than a group. While Marks and Spencer’s have created a relationship with their buyers and are constantly researching too find out what their customers want more or less of, there are also constraints and limitations with doing so. A market constraint is external. Marks and Spencer’s competitors are always changing strategies and competing in new and better ways to try and come out on top. A question which is asked within big businesses such as M&S is, is the market demand for our products decreasing? This is an external constraint, if there’s no longer a demand for the product then their profit margin decreases. A decrease in sales = decreased profit. Benchmarking is a strategy that is used by M&S for marketing this involves looking outside the box to examine how other organisations are achieving their performance levels and to understand the processes they are using to be successful. In this way benchmarking helps explain the processes behind excellent performances. Although this strategy helps M&S stay ahead it can also bring them down as changing your outlook and ideas can be a constraint, Managing change is a common constraint. Markets are dynamic and always changing. Organisations work to stay ahead of markets and their leading competitiors. Knowledge could be an internal constraint to success, this could become critical if survival is at stake. Growth Strategies Marks and Spencer uses the Mckinsey Growth Matrix, to expand and grow their business. Instead of trying to find out how other business have grown, the Matrix strategy argues to grow on your own strengths. They have developed there growth strategies based on : Operational skills, Privileged assets, Growth skills and Special relationships. By growing based on these strategies M&S have been able to keep their customer loyalty but also have been able to increase their products and launch new promotions to engage new customers, by using different approaches they have a better change to widen their customer satisfaction. Some of these products can be sold to existing customers who may trust the business (and its brands) to deliver but new customers may need more persuasion. Even though M&S base their growth on their on development they do analyze their competitors. They use recorded dare, opportunistic date and observable date. * Recorded data: examples include competitor annual reports and product brochures. * Observable data: good example is competitor pricing. * Opportunistic data: to get hold of this kind of data requires a lot of planning and organisation. Marks and Spencer’s have grown as a company by producing a wide range of products, by up selling and engaging in customer loyalty. Strategies that have been used are the foundation of growing. They have focused their marketing and sales on a specific target market this has improved effectiveness and speed the learning process. Unfortunately a common constraint could be an unresponsive market. Marks and Spencer’s campaigns have reeled in more customers but buyer Motivation is a must in all businesses, companies can often fail to provide incentives to motivate their buyers to purchase. A constraint which can be avoided is the follow up after sale. Once a product has been bought research should be conducted to find feedback on that product and if theirs a chance of growth from that product. Branding The brand of a product is very important when making your decision weather to buy something. People buy branded names due to loyalty. Either they no the quality is good or the product is always going to taste good. For example; going to Tesco and having the choice to buy, 23p Tesco value beans or 63p Heinz beans. Just because it’s not a named brand doesn’t mean the quality isn’t as good, there’s just no risk. Trust is the most critical component in building and maintaining a strong, emotionally driven brand. Strategies used to introduce their brand to the public is media. By promoting their brands its then known by existing and new customers. Many businesses such as M*&S use celebrities in their campaigns this is to engage the buyers and also make them aware that a celebrity likes the brand. Limitations Legal constraints: Marks and Spencer may be constrained by a variety of licensure and other regulatory requirements, based on the industry and activities the business wants to pursue. For example M&S sell alcohol so they will need to have a alcohol license before they are permitted to sell any alcohol. Sales of goods act 1979, This act requires trader to sell goods that are described and are satisfactory. Marks and Spencer’s sell products to members there for the information stated should be accurate and not misleading. For example : selling food which states that there’s only 130 calories in it but really there 600. This is illegal. Voluntary Constraint This is where a company voluntary state that they won’t do something, or they always will. For example: Marks and Spencer’s have joined forces with Tesco to sell Fair trade products, and they are also recycling old clothes to Oxfam. These things do not have to be done but yet they do they do them anyway to give them a better reputation with the public. Pressure Pressure groups can be extremely effective in changing organisational behaviour.

Learning and Memory Paper Essay

Human memory has been a significant interest concerning how people develop memory and process memory. Researchers and educators are diligently interested on the neuroanatomical neural processes related to learning and the current literature, neuroanatomical and neural processes related to memory and the current literature. In addition, the relationship between learning and memory form functional perspective. Researchers discuss the reasons learning and memory are interdependent, and have performed testing through case studies using animal studies because they are most useful and replicable studies for understanding the learning-to-memory-link. The examples from research help researchers with solving the mystery of the memory processes. Researchers discuss the importance of lifelong learning and brain stimulation to longevity and quality of life to obtain knowledge and how the human individual develops their capabilities to obtain memory and how memory can affect human behaviors. To u nderstand the functional relationship between learning and memory we must first define what both learning and memory is. Learning is described as â€Å"the acquisition of knowledge or skills through experience, practice, or study, or by being taught† (Merriam-Webster, 2011). While â€Å"Memory is the means by which we draw on our past experiences in order to use this information in the present† (Sternberg, 1999). Therefore, as one can tell memory is essential to all of our lives. Without a memory of the past, we cannot operate in the present or think about the future. We would not be able to remember what we did yesterday, what we have done today or what we plan to do tomorrow. Without memory, we could not learn anything. Learning and Memory are linked to cognitive abilities in both humans and animals. A well-known example to show the relationship between learning and memory is the classic rat in maze. Rats have been used in experimental mazes since at least the 20th century. Thousands of studies have examined how rat’s run different types of mazes, from T-maze to radial arm mazes to water mazes. These maze studies are used to study spatial learning and memory in rats. Maze studies helped uncover general principles about learning that can be applied to many species, including humans. Today, mazes are used to determine whether different treatments or conditions affect learning and memory in rats. To take a step further, According to Kolata al, 2005 case study the tasks that comprise the learning battery (e.g., Lashley lll maze, passive avoidance, spatial water maze, order discrimination, fear conditioning) were explicitly chosen so that each one places unique sensory, motor, motivational, and information processing demands on the animals. Briefly, performance in the Lashley lll maze depends on animals’ use of fixed motor patterns (egocentric navigation) motivated by a search for food. Passive avoidance is an operant conditioning paradigm in which the animals must learn to be passive in order to avoid aversive light and noise stimulation. The spatial water maze encourages the animals to integrate spatial information to efficiently escape from a pool of water. Odor discrimination is a task in which animals must discriminate and use a target odor to guide their search for food. Finally, fear conditioning (assessed by behavioral freezing) is a conditioning test in which the animals learn to associate a tone with a shock. We reported a positive correlation between the aggregate performance of individual outbred mice in the learning battery described above and their subsequent ability to accommodate competing demands on their spatial working memory capacity. Specifically, we observe that when mice required performing in two arm mazes concurrently (a manipulation intended to place demands on working memory capacity), their performance in the target maze positively correlated with their general learning abilities. These results are suggestive of a relationship between working memory capacity and general learning abilities in mice. Memory is the process by which information is saved as knowledge and retained for further use as needed. Neuroanatomy, is the study of a particular nerve and are located, or rather memory is stored diffusely through the structures of the brain that particularly in its original state. There are four neural structures that play a role in memory. For example, (1) hippocampus and (2) perirhinal cortex have roles in spatial and object memory and (3) the mediodorsal nucleus and (4) the basal forebrain are implicated in memory. The medial temporal lobe memory system, is part of the system for memory in the medial temporal lobe (MTL), this neural system consists of the hippocampus and adjacent anatomically related cortex, including entorhinal, perirhinal, and parahippocampal cortices. According to (Squire, Larry R.: Zola-Morgan, Stuart, 1991,)†These structures are essentially for establishing long-term memory for facts and events (declarative memory). The MTL memory system is needed to bind together the distrusted storage sites in neocortex that represent a whole memory. However, the role of this system is only temporary.†P1. When time goes on after learning, our memory stored in neocortex slowly and eventually becomes independent of MTL structures. Rats have been used in experimental mazes since at least the 20th century. Thousands of studies have examined how rat’s run different types of mazes, from T-maze to radial arm mazes to water mazes. These maze studies are used to study spatial learning and memory in rats. Maze studies helped uncover general principles about learning that can be applied to many species, including humans. Today, mazes are used to determine whether different treatments or retrieval is established, encoding processes that initiate priming and explicit memory have not yet been anatomically separated, and we investigate then using event related functional magnetic resonance imaging. According to (Schott, Bjorn H.: Richardson-Klavehn, Alan; Henson Richard N. A; Becker, Christine; Heinze, Hans-Jochen; Duzel, Emrah, 2006,)†Activations precedicting later explicit memory occurred in the bilateral medial temporal lobe (MTL) and left prefrontal cortex (PFC). Activity predicting later priming did not occur in these areas, but rather in the bilateral extrastriate cortex, left fusiform gyrus, and bilateral inferior PFC, areas linked with stimulus identification,† P 2. However, these areas showed response reductions, and researchers results, illustrated that priming and explicit memory have distinctive functional neuroanatomies concerning encoding with MTL activations being strictly for explicit memory, and influence that priming is initiated by sharpness of neural responding in stimulus identification areas, that are consistent with recent electrophysiological evidence regarding priming related neural oscillations at encoding. Lifelong learning and brain stimulation are essential to mental and physical health, especially in old age. Throughout life, learning is what allows us to adapt to new situations, and learn how to survive and thrive in our current environment at any given time. As we learn, our brain becomes more active, taking in new information and comparing it with old. The new data is either corroborated by the old, or there is a conflict, at which point we must use judgment to determine which information we should keep and what we should discard. Learning can never stop, or it would mean the end of growth, and possibly the end of life, for an individual. Our environment changes every day, and new stimuli are encountered. Even if we have knowledge of what cars and streets are, and know how to practice safety when they are near, we are presented with new combinations and variables on these constructs every day. We must constantly assess the people and places around us, analyze them, and apply any new information to what we already know. This process, some would argue, is what makes us alive, intelligent creatures at the top of our ecological food chain. As for quality of life, very little is more important than keeping the brain active. As we age, the brain and its synaptic processes slow down and decay. Older people are more prone to dementia and other degenerative diseases. Working word puzzles or simply keeping a part time job to occupy the brain and keep it active and learning can extend the quality of life for any aging individuals, doing the same thing, while young can have the same effect. Our mental health is tied closely to our survival and our quality of living. If we can keep our brain learning, it can stay active and alert much longer than if we sit in front of screens and stop learning early in life. Human memory has been a significant interest concerning how people develop memory and process memory. From inspirational design in testing using animals, such a mice and mice being the greater source of exp erimental advances in research in the investigation of memory and human subject use. Researchers have unfolded how memory is developed, through the experiments of these subjects. Although, there is still much more investigation greed towards how memory effects how we learn, to how we store memory and process memory. We must continue the investigation; whereas so many people suffer memory dysfunctions; due to human illnesses and diseases, such as Alzheimer’s, brain damage and learning process needs. Bio-psychologist, work closely with other fields of psychology, biological factors and psychological factors that play a role in the memory processes. Learning can be defined as the process in which one’s experiences are combined into memory. One type of the traditional learning is school learning; this is done by incorporating textbook facts in which is called declarative memory. Not only does one have declarative memory, but also learning of procedural memories. Declarative memory is an explicit memory, a type of long-term memory in which one will store memories of fact (Psychology Glossary). Having memories of things, such as when Columbus sailed to America or on what day and time your baby brother was born, one has declarative memories. Procedural memory is the most basic form of memory. For example, this type of memory is used for procedures or furthermore the basic associations between stimuli and responses (Psychology Glossary). Having the memory of riding a bike is an example of procedural memory. Once an individual has learned what the proper procedure for riding a bike, it is then stored within the procedural memory. The limbic system actually focuses on the frontal lobe and the hippocampus. This system communicates by shooting of the electrical impulses in one’s neurons (Morin 2009). The neurons then become accountable for the storing of information. Brain plasticity refers to the ability for nerve cells to change through new experiences. These neurons take the information when an individual has been exposed to the stimulus to be learned. The retrieving of information is somewhat of a different process, however still maintains some of the same comparisons. Retrieving information becomes an activity of â€Å"re-activating† of those neurons. For both the long-term memory and the short-term memory these types of memories are then stored into many different places. The long-term memory process ensures that an individual will store these memories permanently (Morin 2009). This includes the changes to the cell structure and the creation of the new and unused synapses. Synapses are the junction between the neurons where a neural cell will communicate with a target cell. This is done when translating stimuli into a storage system that is used by the brain, linking the encoded stimuli in the memory and then accessing the memory of the stimuli at the time when it is needed, otherwise known as encoding, consolidation, and retrieval. REFERENCES Kolata, S., Light, K., Townsend, D.A., Hale, G., Grossman, H.C., Matzel, L.D. (2005) Variations in working memory capacity predict individual differences in general learning abilities among genetically diverse mice. Neurobiol. Learn. Mem. 84:241–246. Learning. 2011. In Merriam-Webster.com. Retrieved Jan 16, 2013, from http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/learning Sternberg, R. J. (1999). Cognitive psychology (2 nd ed.). Fort Worth, TX: Harcourt Brace College Publishers. Neuroanatomical Dissociation of Encoding Processes Relater to Priming and Explicit Memory. By: Schott, Bjorn H.: Richardson-Klavehn, Alan; Henson, Richard N. A.: Becker, Christine; Heinze, Hans-Jochen; Duzel, Emrah. Journal of Neuroscience. 1/18/2006, Vol. 26 Issue 3, p792-800, 9p. 5 The Medial Temporal Lobe Memory System Squire, Larry R.; Zola-Morgan, Stuart Science, Vol. 253(5026), Sep 1991, 1380-1386. doi: 10.1126/science. 1896849 Fernandez, A. (2007). Brain Exercise and Lifelong Learning for Alzheimer’s Prevention Alzheimer Disease. Article Directory – Find, Search, Reprint & Submit Articles for Free. Retrieved November 02, 2010, from http://www.articlesphere.com/Article/Brain- Exercise-and-Lifelong-Learning-for-Alzheimer-s-Prevention/94361 Salthouse, T. A. (2006). Mental Exercise and Mental Aging. Evaluating the Validity of the â€Å"Use It or Lose It† Hypothesis. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 1(1), 68-87. doi: 10.1111/j.1745-6916.2006.00005.x Morin, Chrisophe; September 14, 2009 The Neural Basis of Learning Psychology Glossary; www.alleydog.com

Roger Bannister †4 Minute Mile

Roger Bannister – 4 Minute Mile Free Online Research Papers Doctors and scientists said it was impossible. â€Å"Man could not run a mile in less than 4 minutes! He would die in the foolish attempt. It was an impossible dream.† 24 year old Roger Bannister endured thousands of monotonous laps to prove it wrong. To date 955 runners have achieved the impossible dream accomplishing the feat an incredible 4700+ times. Many of life’s barriers and obstacles come from within. Success is a choice to be chosen wisely because the choice you make today will determine your world tomorrow. Perhaps a few words today need to be redefined. There is a peculiar tagline which prints itself on various t-shirts across the world every day. It simply says â€Å"Impossible it self says I am possible.† It would not be an exaggeration if I remark the word needs to be redefined from â€Å"Something which cannot be achieved† to â€Å"Something which will be achieved in the near future†. In this supersonic era our ideas and actions are shepherded with the belief of everything being possible. The generation has moved on from â€Å"I can† attitude to â€Å"I will†. Had I been writing this piece of work half a century decades ago, it might have been flabbergasting. But today the word â€Å"Impossible† rings up memories of all miracles and innovations I have witnessed or heard off. What these innovations have brought in, is a transition in the mindset of people and the passion to re-infuse the chimerical effect of more innovations. The idea is to keep on challenging the limits and continuing to break them. Human mind today has reached a level where it is allowed to wander in all spheres of life leaving it beyond the control of mankind. When I remark â€Å"Nothing is Impossible†, I quote it in an era where the world has found a solution to almost all the problems of the universe. Setting up a news channel- A SATELLITE AWAY Need a cloned cousin- FEW MONTHS AWAY Need detailed information- A SEARCH ENGINE AWAY Need shahrukh like dimples-VISIT THE SURGEON Want your feotus to be a combo of Einstein and Madhuri- VISIT THE IVF CLINIC How did this happen? It happened through a series of actions initiated by a few freaks who believed â€Å"Nothing is impossible†. Passion in a few men who dared to think different made the world we live in today and the impact spread to all areas of the globe. Let us consider the field of science. Had our forefathers thought of gadgets which could keep our heart pumping? Did they ever hear of a chip made to insert in brain? Science has made our globe a better place to live in. There are drugs being developed to fight memory loss, nanotubes which will zap cancer cells and monitors working to test sugar level without requiring blood. My vision is, in a few years from now, we would retire from Earth when we desired and re-appear again when we want. Does all this sound contradictory to the word â€Å"Impossible†? Offcourse it does. A quick peep in technology gives us a further instant feedback. A loved one just a video conference away, live coverage directly from Mars and plastics from medical implants. All this to every couch potato sitting at home. Can we ever smell a perfume or print a taste while shopping online? While you think of the answer someone in the world has already started research for it. Sounds soothing to ears but the experience is just a decade away. While I talk about science and technology, a few other instances haunt my mind. These are those events which have left us feeling passionate, spooky and sometimes even confused. Some call it the power of the world, some call it a supernatural ability, some call it a miracle, the fact is they are here to stay. You can glorify or vilify them but one thing you cannot do is ignore them because they have re-imbibed the belief of â€Å"Nothing stands Impossible Today.† Chris Stewart, an 11 year old boy classified as non-survivable by doctors fights all odds of paralysis, strokes and iron rods to survive. A man from a small village near Tamilnadu lives without water and food since last 22 years. Hellen Keller, a blind deaf woman shows the world that a blind man’s mind can be educated, his hand can be trained and his ambitions can be realized. Warren Macdonald climbs Tasmanias Cradle Mountain, Africas tallest peak Mt Kilimanjaro and Americas tallest cliff face El Capitan using a modified wheelchair. Kishore Biyani starts a small shop to sell tailor-stitched pants known as pantalun at that time which later on emerges as the famous chain of pantaloons. A soda fountain sold by John Pemberton becomes the most sought after drink as Coca-cola round the world. Nadia Comaneci becomes the originator of the perfect 10. The preceding passage gives an idea of how man has broken the limits of impossibility. Though certain instances were far from being impossible, they make the feeling of ambition and vision re-visit our minds and there are simply others which leave us confused as to how it happened. This world, indeed, is not short of miracles. After failing twice, Edmund Hillary quoted â€Å"I will come again and conquer you, because as a mountain you cannot grow but as a human I can†. In this world nothing is impossible when a few humans exist who want to prove their madness right. Be it the idli entrepreneur Sharad babu or the zealous Ratan Tata, the success stories are here to stay forever. What is worth the effort is that how each individual contributes to making everything a sheer possibility. If each human on earth gives his very best to whatever he does, the chances are the yet unsolved mysteries of life could become the thing of past. Its just for the humans to think and to give their best. If each individual can change the way they see the world, they can literally, change the world. â€Å"Think the impossible and the possible will emerge†. Research Papers on Roger Bannister - 4 Minute MileGenetic EngineeringEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenHip-Hop is Art19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraTwilight of the UAWThe Hockey GameMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfDefinition of Export Quotas

Critically Discuss the Impact of Social Media and Wiki's on the Essay

Critically Discuss the Impact of Social Media and Wiki's on the Concept of 'Information Freedom' - Essay Example The concept of information freedom is then directly attributed to the new media and the ability to have information that is easily accessible and which is providing a stronger approach to those who are interested in the ideas which are now available to individuals. This is furthered with the opposition to information freedom, specifically which is coming from the policies and questions about access to information. The result is an understanding that information freedom is a part of the revolution from social media and wikis and is transforming ideas and available information on an international level. Developing Into New Media The development into new media began to emerge with the growth into the Internet and the way in which many looked at the information available. Before the use of technology, there was a set of significant information which was presented with Television, newspapers and the print which was available to individuals within society. The approach was one which is now defined as a closed system, specifically because a smaller amount of information was available to those which were interested in the media. The information was based on both timelines and the agenda which was focused on the economic and political stance of many which were interested in the information available. ... The emergence of new media has segmented into a variety of areas which provide information. Each of these has established a different understanding of the available information and the importance which it holds for individuals. The beginning of this came with the general information available, specifically which was noted through the ability to post and give information freely and through the use of different websites. This was combined with the ability to have more individuals which were posting information online, such as through the use of articles and other media networks. The information combined with other areas that grew from Web 2.0. The Web 2.0 invited user interaction and social media, such as through Facebook, reviews and other areas which offered free and dynamic information to be available. When this emerged, the information available also began to change with the philosophies and ideas which were given to the public. Fast paced changes in information and contributions f rom a variety of individuals were the main approach which was taken with the new media and which established a different approach to the concept of sending and receiving information (Dijk, 2006: 2). Social Media and Information Freedom The emergence of social media and wikis and the way in which information is retrieved and transferred is one which is now attributed to the concept of information freedom. The communication which is available is allowing individuals to receive in – depth information that continues to expand and offer different insight to individuals. Media, social and economic networks are all emerging with different dynamics that allow individuals to receive the necessary

Managing Organisation Change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Managing Organisation Change - Essay Example In an organization equipped for complete learning, communication and structures within the company should be flexible and open - and in a way, Sanyo with Nonaka, could be said to be equipped in these aspects. The process for innovation through the changes that had been introduced, at least was steered towards a cyclical process where learning is continuous as opposed to being linear and discontinuous. 2. How did Nonaka try to revolutionize learning and change and how did this relate to incomplete learning Identify the levels of learning if any. Which typology/s of learning best describes the events in Sanyo While Nonaka introduced process and systems-related innovation to Sanyo, the changes that she tried to accomplish was only done on a horizontal plane, and did not account the vertical integration of the new vision for the company. The levels of learning were limited to environmental and behavioral directions or cues for the company. However, the leaning was in a way incomplete because the changes did not seep down to the very purpose of the company, that is specifically charting the unique role of Sanyo which has to do with the identity or mission of the company. A company needs to be rooted to its values and belief systems that it has developed over time - for example Sanyo is proud of its heritage as a maker of refrigerators and batteries as well being known in its markets for this. The learning was incomplete also by which Nonaka's team failed sufficiently to take into account the capabilities of the company or the question of how its core competencies will be aligned with the e nvironmental cues for change. Thus, some stakeholders did not fall into line in supporting Nonaka's vision for Sanyo. The typology of learning that fits within the case of Sanyo may that of the model of organizational change, by which changes are done in the structural level, but not with the culture and the strategy of the company. Learning through organizational change is quite focused through changing from without, and not from within which takes intro consideration the cultural aspects and belief system of an organization. This kind of learning by organizational change, as opposed to deeper levels of learning that comes with organizational development or transformation. 3.What has this case got to do with exploration and exploitation Explain. The case of Sanyo with Nonaka at the helm when she tried to make changes can be called to have made too much of a call for exploration and failing at decisive exploitation. Nonaka was on the right frame of mind when she took into consideration at the way the world has increasingly looked at environmentally conscious products and businesses as the wave of the future, not only because of the projected demise of oil-based fuel systems but because a value-based respect for the environment has been gaining ground with consumers. By aligning Sanyo with the new paradigm, potentially Sanyo was at the leading edge in terms of technology and with its new products. However, exploration needs to be balanced with exploitation or that which has to do with what the company's ability to improve and refine

Exercise Induced Asthma Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Exercise Induced Asthma - Essay Example Asthma is chronic, or long term. (Exercise-Induced Asthma, 2006.) It is a condition of the lung and the main symptom is difficulty in breathing. The airways are extremely sensitive and when they are irritated, they react by narrowing or obstructing. As the air is restricted from moving, or circulating, wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and shortness of breath are symptoms that result. Risk factors include lifestyle (location, the weather, diet, etc.), environmental (smoking, allergens, and pollutants, etc.), use of antibiotics, exposure in the workplace, and genetics. Sawicki and Dovey (2005) report, "Children with one asthmatic parent are 2.6 times more likely to have asthmaMaternal asthma appears to make a bigger contribution than paternal asthma to asthma in offspring; one study found a frequency of atopic manifestations (including atopic asthma) of 44 percent in children whose mothers had atopic asthma compared to only 25 percent of children whose fathers had atopic asthma." Factors that can exacerbate asthma include respiratory tract infections resulting from viruses, allergens (dust mites, pets, pollens, indoor contaminants, etc.), stress, and Last Name 3 exercise. Exercise is one of the most common triggers. When exercise triggers asthma attacks, this is known as exercise-induced asthma, or EIA. 7-10 percent of school children are affected by asthma and is a major reason for missed school days. There is twice the chance of low grade scores due to absence. When children miss school, parents also miss time at work. (The American Thoracic Society, Am J Respir Crit Care Med cites Dekker, Dales, Bartlett, et al, 1991; National Institutes of...30 percent of children under the age of two face incidences of wheezing and at this age, the incidences tend to peak at the ages of two and six months. allergens, and pollutants, etc.), use of antibiotics, exposure in the workplace, and genetics. Sawicki and Dovey (2005) report, "Children with one asthmatic parent are 2.6 times more likely to have asthmaMaternal asthma appears to make a bigger contribution than paternal asthma to asthma in offspring; one study found a frequency of atopic manifestations (including atopic asthma) of 44 percent in children whose mothers had atopic asthma compared to only 25 percent of children whose fathers had atopic asthma." Factors that can exacerbate asthma include respiratory tract infections resulting from viruses, allergens (dust mites, pets, pollens, indoor contaminants, etc.), stress, and 7-10 percent of school children are affected by asthma and is a major reason for missed school days. There is twice the chance of low grade scores due to absence. When children miss school, parents also miss time at work. (The American Thoracic Society, Am J Respir Crit Care Med cites Dekker, Dales, Bartlett, et al, 1991; National Institutes of Health Publication, 1995; Taylor and Newacheck, 1992.) Storms (2005) cite Hallstrand (2002), "9% of school children have EIA" and they cite ) and Rupp (1